Native American Inventions

Native American Inventions Native Americans retain a strong influence on American living- and the majority of Native American inventions came long before European settlers arrived on North American land. Just as an example of Native Americans impact, where would the world be without gum, chocolate, syringes, popcorn, and peanuts? Lets take a look at just a few of the many Native American inventions and cultivations. Totem Pole West Coast First Peoples believe that the first totem pole was a gift from Raven. It was named Kalakuyuwish, the pole that holds up the sky. The totem poles were often used as family crests denoting the tribes descent from an animal such as the bear, raven, wolf, salmon, or killer whale. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, there are several different types of totem poles, among them, for example, the memorial, or heraldic, poles, erected when a house changes hands to commemorate the past owner and to identify the present one; grave markers, house posts, which support the roof; portal poles, which have a hole through which a person enters the house; and welcoming poles, placed at the edge of a body of water to identify the owner of the waterfront. Toboggan The word toboggan  is a French mispronunciation of the Chippewa word nobugidaban, which is  a combination of two words meaning â€Å"flat† and â€Å"drag.† The toboggan is an invention of the First Nations Peoples of northeastern Canada, and the sleds were critical tools of survival in the long, harsh, far-north winters. Indian hunters first built toboggans made of bark to carry game over the snow. The Inuit (sometimes called Eskimos) used to make toboggans of whalebone; otherwise, a toboggan is made of strips of hickory, ash, or maple with the front ends curved back. The Cree word for toboggan is utabaan. Tipi and Other Housing Tipis, or tepees, are adaptations of wigwams that were invented by the Great Plains First Peoples, who were constantly migrating. The seven main styles of housing that Native Americans invented include the wickiup, wigwam, longhouse,  tipi,  hogan, dugout, and pueblo. These nomadic Native Americans needed sturdy dwellings that could stand up against the severe prairie winds and yet be dismantled at a moments notice to follow the drifting herds. The Plains Indians used buffalo hides to cover their tepees and as bedding. Kayak The word kayak means hunters boat. This transportation tool was invented by the Inuit Peoples for hunting seals and walruses in the frigid Arctic water and for general use. First used by Inuits, Aleuts, and Yupiks, whalebone or driftwood was used to frame the boat itself, and then seal bladders filled with air were stretched over the frame- and themselves. Whale fat was used to waterproof the boat and skins. Birch Bark Canoe The birch bark canoe was invented by Northeast Woodlands tribes and was their main mode of transportation, allowing them to travel long distances. The boats were made of whatever natural resources were available to the tribes, but mainly consisted of birch trees found in the forests and woodlands of their lands. The word canoe originates from the word kenu meaning dugout. Some of the tribes that built and traveled in birch bark canoes include the Chippewa, Huron, Pennacook, and Abenaki. Lacrosse Lacrosse was invented and spread by the Iroquois and Huron Peoples- Eastern Woodlands Native American tribes living around the St. Lawrence River in New York and Ontario. The Cherokees called the sport the little brother of war because it was considered excellent military training. The Six Tribes of the Iroquois, in what is now southern Ontario and upstate New York, called their version of the game baggataway or tewaraathon. The game had traditional purposes in addition to sport, such as combat, religion, bets, and to keep the Six Nations (or Tribes) of Iroquois together. Moccasins Moccasins- shoes made of deerskin or other soft leather- originated with the Eastern North American tribes. The word moccasin derives from the  Algonquian language  Powhatan  word makasin; however, most Indian tribes have their own native words for them. Chiefly used for running and exploring outdoors, tribes could generally identify each other by the patterns of their moccasins, including the bead work, the quill work, and painted designs.

The Meanings of Myth and Related Words

The Meanings of Myth and Related Words The Meanings of â€Å"Myth† and Related Words The Meanings of â€Å"Myth† and Related Words By Mark Nichol Myth, originally a word of elevated and scholarly pretension, has passed into the vernacular to describe anything of dubious truth or validity, though it retains earlier senses. This post lists definitions of the word and others of which it is the root. The word derives from the Greek term mythos, which variously means â€Å"speech† or â€Å"story,† or even â€Å"thought.† In modern English usage, a myth is a story, often featuring heroes and deities or supernatural entities, that explains a belief, custom, phenomenon, or worldview; it is also a synonym for allegory or parable. By extension, a myth is a belief or tradition, often one integral to a society, or an invalid notion born of ignorance or bigotry, or simply a rumor or untrue story. (Myth, without the article, denotes a body of myths.) An urban myth, meanwhile, is an account of an unusual or inexplicable event that did not occur, or state that does not exist, that is widely assumed to be true. The primary adjectival form is mythical; it is also used in the sense of â€Å"imaginary,† but mythic is appropriate for referring to astonishing achievements. Mythology pertains to a set of myths, the study of myths, or an allegory, or to an assumption or belief. A mythologist (or, sometimes, mythologer) is someone who studies myths. Mythos is a synonym for both myth and mythology and denotes a symbolic set of cultural attitudes as well. Mythogenesis is the development of myths or the tendency to ascribe mythical status to something. Mythopoeia, too, refers to the creation of myth. To mythicize is to turn something into, or treat something as, a myth; mythologize also has the latter meaning. Conversely, to demythologize is to analyze the meaning of myths or to unromanticize them. (A countermyth, meanwhile, is a myth that challenges or contradicts another myth.) A mythmaker is someone who creates myths, generally in the casual sense of beliefs or traditions or of reputations about a person, place, or thing. A mythomaniac (or, sometimes, mythomane), meanwhile, is a pathological liar or exaggerator; the condition is called mythomania. An etymologically related word is stichomythia (â€Å"verse speech†), denoting argumentative repartee, especially as a dramatic device in the performing arts. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"50 Types of PropagandaPhrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

PACE-Professional achievement and employability Coursework

PACE-Professional achievement and employability - Coursework Example All professional bodies include guidelines on ethical behaviors, ethical decision making, protection of others rights and carrying out the duties with professional competence. Importance of Code of Practice: Professions require code of practice in order to provide a single behavioral pattern to the members. It works as a central lead and reference for the members to carry out their daily tasks and decision making. This code helps in maintaining the ethical behaviors and provides unified principles of conduct to the members. Professionals are given a sense of unity and oneness regardless of the differences that exist between them using a number of principles and regulations. It acts as a single platform to guide ethical behaviors and justifiable activities under the light of a single and fixed path provided to professional in the form of code of practice. Ethical: Code of practice helps in giving clear understanding about the profession’s work path, values, aims and objectives. These codes are valuable in motivating ethical professional behavior of the members. The members get clear understanding of what is expected from them as a professional and tend to follow those guidelines provided to them.

How might a youth worker assist young people with the development of Essay

How might a youth worker assist young people with the development of moral thinking What are the issues for undertaking this kind of work - Essay Example Late adolescence is when the youth comprehends separation from the family and living an independent life. There are a lot of directions that these adolescents need. The physical and mental changes that come about develop their identity and character. It is quite natural for parents to expect a change for the better. Expectations from parents and society increase. This is a time when a youth, if not guided properly, can end up being a liability to society. Parents need to be careful in the way they handle their children at this time. Children can get carried away and be influenced by the people around them. A time when they are told to 'grow up' or 'act you age', these children must be counseled in knowing the right from wrong. This must be done professionally. Children are now in a position to understand their role in society and take a firm decision on their career. Many youths come through their adolescent years without problems. However, for some, it is a difficult period, necessitating a great deal more of understanding, patience and support. No two children are alike. Each child will have his/her own thoughts and views on life and parents experience different challenges along the way in the growth of their child. However, through their journey of adolescence, analogical situations faced by almost all adolescents are: Measuring the society's values and moral standards Identifying themselves with others; a personal identity Rebellion of authority Moodiness To an extent, an interest in the opposite sex This is the time when all the training and guidance thought to them will be of importance. There is no point in trying to impose on them, for the simple reason that they would rebel. The youth should be taken into confidence and taught the aspects of life. 2.0 Executive Summary Moral education is an integral part of psychology and education. Never before have the reports of increased violent juvenile crime, teen pregnancy, and suicide been highlighted as now. The reason: The numbers of cases just got longer and longer, outnumbering all other news reports in newspaper every day. While not all of these social concerns are moral in nature, they are complex. There is a need to find solutions to these problems so that children are better prepared to face the challenges of life more socially. It is much easier said than done. There are many potholes on the way to success. Adolescence is often stereotyped as a period of stress and turbulence, though this may be far from true. Many adolescents have shown a lot more resilience in the face of challenges and stress, quite a few have engaged in behaviours involving risk, and there are others

Challenges Facing the Graduate Student Essay Example for Free

Challenges Facing the Graduate Student Essay The many challenges that face the potential graduate students may inhibit them from taking that first step to enrolling in graduate school. This paper will focus on personal challenges for this writer and strategies she will use to overcome them. Some challenges for this writer are working full-time, being financially responsible for others while maintaining a mortgage and family responsibilities. Time management and a novice regarding some computer programs also provide other challenges. Many obstacles have to be conquered in an effort to ensure success. Hardin (2008) contends these barriers often put her at a greater risk for being unsuccessful. The purpose for this writer entering graduate study is the hope of expanding her career opportunities to include teaching at the undergraduate level. Her motivation to return to school was two-fold. A divorce and a lengthy recovery following a work-related injury within a year inspired thoughts of facing the future being financially independent and wondering if the recovery would be without limitations to allow a return to bedside nursing. These life changes prompted soul searching and re-motivated this writer to pursue a graduate degree, a goal that had been set several years prior. As a graduate student this writer faces the challenges encompassed with being an adult. Over the past 30 years, there has been an escalation of students, primarily women, entering graduate study. According to Hardin (2008) the motivation for many women to return to school is usually centered on a major life change. These women usually return to college in an effort to support their families. Balancing commitments, such as work, life, school and other responsibilities create a stressor to the student and pose even more challenges. As the sole provider for two children and responsible for other financial costs that entail, this writer works full-time on the nightshift. Traditionally compensation on nightshift is more than traditional work schedules. Although financially this helps alleviate one stress for this writer, another stress is created, lack of sleep. Sleep deprivation, fatigue and sleepiness negatively affect function that often results in decreased productivity (Mulgrew, 2007). This writer believes working nightshift and facing the sleeping challenge poses a potential barrier to success. Based on 2004 statistics, approximately 15% of Americans work nontraditional work schedules (Chung, Wolf, Shapiro, 2009). Adan and Natale (2002) also found that the relationship between gender and shift work support the thought women are more morning types, preferring to retire to sleep earlier and rise sooner, which results in optimal mental performance. This writer believes this to be true of her. In an effort to meet the challenge of time management, she will keep an accurate calendar and prioritize all appointments, work schedule, and other commitments. Blocking out hours of the day to focus on schoolwork as well as ensuring enough sleep while pursuing personal goals such as exercise should encourage quality work. Procrastination is time’s enemy. A few minutes of effective planning will save time in the end. This involves a continual assessment and reassessment of priorities and activities (Spidal, 2009). Financial stressors also affect the graduate student. Hardin (2008) found lack of financial support may actually prevent an adult from enrolling in graduate school. The adult student often differs from the traditional student as her financial needs often include a mortgage and childcare. Working nightshift helps alleviate the financial deficit for this writer as nightshift pays a differential. Many nurses, including myself, will work extra shifts to offset the financial burden. Attending classes may inhibit the overtime opportunity, therefore smaller paychecks add to the existing financial load. A graduate student has to weigh the benefits of an education when after graduation her financial debt will increase (Morgenthaler, 2009). In an effort to minimize the loan amount, this writer researched loans and scholarships. She consulted her employer and found there were a few scholarships available in addition to education reimbursement. The scholarship amounts are monetarily limited. Some also require a commitment to continuing employment for a set number of years per scholarship. Despite these caveats, any amount of money is helpful to decrease the debt as well as ensuring longer employment. Another challenge facing this writer is she has never used PowerPoint in any arena. This may lead to a feeling of inadequacy. To neutralize this deficit she will ensure access to the latest computer programs for her papers, research, or presentation. Ultimately the amount of effort put forth by this writer to achieve desired educational results will depend on her overall motivation and dedication to her goal. Hardin (2008) has found that most graduate students are not prepared academically. This is associated to being away from the academic setting for a prolonged amount of time. Technological skills may be outdated or she may not understand the new computer programs. Conducting research and writing papers at a professional level may also be intimidating to the graduate student (Morgenthaler, 2009). Many challenges face this nontraditional graduate student as she returns to school. Although there are significant obstacles, this writer is optimistic about overcoming these obstacles by using the aforementioned strategies as she successfully completes graduate school.

Engle v. US :: essays research papers

SUMMARY Engle v. Vitale was the first case brought to the Supreme Court that used the establishment clause to remove religious activities that until this point had been used as a part of public observances. The First Amendment bars any enforcement of any law â€Å"respecting an establishment of religion† and the Fourteenth Amendment makes this applicable to the States. For that reason, state officials can not write an official state prayer and require that it be recited in the public schools, even if the prayer is nondenominational and students who wish to remain silent or be excused are allowed to do so during the recitation of the prayer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The parents of ten students brought this issue to the New York State Court maintaining that the use of the official prayer in the public schools was â€Å"contrary to the beliefs, religions, or religious practices of both themselves and their children.† The question that was reviewed by the Supreme Court of The United States was whether New York overstepped the boundaries when they financed a religious exercise. The New York Court said that â€Å"the prayer given does not conform to all of the tenets of the Jewish, Unitarian, and Ethical Culture groups. The Supreme Court ruled that, though the prayer was nondenominational and students had the option of whether or not to recite the prayer and not be penalized for failure to do so, the state of New York and the school board had violated the Constitution of the United States and the rights of the students attending the public schools. Though many Americans still disagree with the verdict of the court, the rul ing still stands today. OPINIONS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The opinion of the Court was delivered by Justice Black. The Court said: â€Å"Shortly after the practice of reciting the Regents’ prayer was adopted by the School District, the parents of ten pupils brought this action in a New York State Court insisting that use of this official prayer in the public schools was contrary to the beliefs, religions, or religious practices of both themselves and their children. The New York Court of Appeals, over the dissents of Judges Dye and Fuld, sustained an order of the lower state courts which had upheld the power of New York to use the Regents’ prayer as a part of the daily procedures of its public schools so long as the schools did not compel any pupil to join in the prayer over his or his parents’ objection.

Impact of Social Advertising in India Essay

Social Advertising is the first form of advertising that systematically leverages historically â€Å"offline† dynamics, such as peer-pressure, friend recommendations, and other forms of social influence. Social media has the power to transform a campaign into a religion. Social Advertising is the media message designed to educate or motivate the Indians to engage in voluntarily social activities. Social media has great potential to influence all corners of the web. It enhances the advertisement useful for the readers and also satisfies the advertisers effectively by reaching the public. This paper explores the impact of social Advertising in India by extracting the data from the public preferences on Social ads. From the collected data, it has been concluded that social ads in India has made incredible awareness and attracted the public towards it. This suggests that social advertising has a positive impact in India. Keywords: Media Message, Social Advertisement, Public prefer ences, Positive Impact. INTRODUCTION: Social Advertising deals with the matters of public interest such as social change, political ideas, economic policies, developmental programmes etc. It is also known as ‘Public Service Advertising’ or ‘Social Advertising’. It promotes the community’s health and well being by ensuring the ads that educate people and create awarness about drugs, diseases and other social prime issues in the country. It is otherwise called as ‘non-product’ advertising also. It means advertising various ideas which are not directly for the promotion or sell of the products or commercial services. Advertisements has become important in today’s current scenario as an indicators for social and economic progress. They enhance the direction of change in our values. In fact, a country without advertisements is inconceivable. Advertising is a medium of mass education and therefore the role it plays should be taken seriously. Advertisers sponsor through cultural, social, sports or other activities or organized programmes related to health, hygiene or education including literacy by free distribution of booklets or other reading material. Free health check up camps also organized in villages by big industries or public sectors. Advertising is made by the advertisers in newspapers, on bill boards, and in the form of short advertisements on television. It creates a awareness about the democratic right of a common man. Social Advertisements operates the corporate social responsibility. The big advertising agencies which are awarded for social services also create advertisement and produce by themselves. It also produce for the Government and their own organization with no profit and no loss basis. Thus, the advertisers in India started to contribute to the development and welfare of the society, but still it has to develop in a long way. Advertising ideas, such as, reduce traffic congestion, improve health, conserve natural resources, plan families, educate girls, increase marriage age etc. serve basic social and economic needs. In India social advertising is in infancy stage. The social and economic welfare of a nation can be mainly attained when harmonious effort of Advertising is reached to the citizens by visualizing them the beneficiary and urge about the social ads. The image of ads are promoted in the public service advertising. Certain campaigns are arranged to promote the Social advertising in India. In India, the social ads are enhanced by popular celebrities. The people in rural areas get attracted more through the ads. They willingly engage these ads in their life and attain benefit out of it. For instance, Amitabh Bachchan come for polio immunisation ads. By viewing this more families take interest in it. According to the AdEx report of 2007, it was found that many of the social ads are promoted by Amitabh Bachchan mainly concentrating on the â€Å"Health Awareness†. Advertising agencies have stated that organisations which are heavily contributing in social advertising, spend minimum of 5 crores in print Advertising. The non-metro city newspapers garnering 56 per cent of the overall social ads. Government organisations as well as NGOs have increased the expenses by 30 per cent over the last ten years owing to the growing economy. This ads create a huge impact on the mass audiences of India. For example, the Tata Tea â€Å"Jaago re† campaign which was aimed at making people aware about exercising right to vote was well received by viewers. In the commercial industry, they talks about individuals needing to broaden with changing times. It shows two friends sitting in a restraunt and one of them tells the other friend to have a look at the gay couple on the other table. So his friend picks up a rolled newspaper and taps him on his head and continues to have his lunch. A punch line then props up saying â€Å"it is time to open our minds†. The above few ads creates awareness to both literate and illiterate citizens in India. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: A review literature can be interpreted as review of an abstract accomplishment. Different authors have pointed out their view of social advertising. It will analyze with the present condition of social advertising. The literature will be in the form of thesis, researchers, academic studies. Srivastava, Vibhava ; Nandan, Tanuj (Jan-Mar 2010) states that advertising plays a significant role in the society. It is stated that it is unethical if the norms and values changes due to the advertising. Ciochetto, L (Nov 2009) describes that before the printing advertising was dominating the industry. But now the social advertising has been dominated by foreign companies and the ads have become more indianised and customized. This has changed the life of middle group and also the rural citizens. The strategy adopted have changed the social and cultural changes. Srivastava, Rajesh Kumar (2010) describes the effectiveness of advertising globally and it also says whether the age, gender, education, religion. The study was made among 1000 respondents. It is limited to India and SARC countries. In overall it says about the persuasion of people for advertsing. Stelios C. Zyglidopoulos; Craig E. Carroll; Andreas Georgiadis describes about the impact of media attention on a firm’s CSR â€Å"strengths† and â€Å"weaknesses.† Drawing on social and organizational identity and stakeholder theory literatures, we develop and test two hypotheses concerning the influence that media attention has on these aspects of CSR. We find that increases in media attention are associated with increases in CSR strengths, but not with CSR weaknesses. Anita Pansari( February 19, 2011 ) has finded that women are dependent in India. They are used for the television ads. Finally she concluded by saying that Asian countries curtural values are not changed like the other nation. Hence Ansian womens are different from the parts of the world. Eric A. Feldman ; Ronald Bayer (Dec 2011) states that the tobacco consumption is injurious to health. Through advertising the rate of tobacco consumption has reduced in the developed countries. Likewise in India also it will have an positive impact on social advertising. Agarwal.A (july 1995) enhance about the awareness of health care social ads in the region of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh for nearly 28 villages. This study has founded that the exposure of mass media may not be suited without formal and informal systems in the community which can promote health hazards in rural India. Vaidya, S.G., Vaidya, J.S., Naik, U.D (Sep 1999) has evaluated and finded that due to the advertisement for Wills during the series of match had created a negative impact on the youngsters. The ads should not spoil the young lives which may become a major drawback in the future in India. Goenka, S.a, Prabhakaran, D.a, Ajay, V.S.a, Reddy, K.S.b (Aug 2009) describes about the cardiovascular disease and it can affect the population. This can be reduced bt avoiding tobacco . The comprehensive measures for effective prevention of CVD in India are national health imperatives which require multisectoral, multi-level and multi-disciplinary co-ordination and action. CONCLUSION: Social Advertising in India has been growing and it has a greater positive impact on it. It helps all the communities people, rural or urban citizens to attain a worth and useful messages for their better way of living without harmful. It is applicable for both the environment in which the people belongs to and also to the society. Advertising creates awareness to the younger generations who may spoil their lives without knowing the importance of it. The social utility of advertising is to inform society of the existence of products and services which may (or may not) improve the lives of the individuals within that society. Consumers are gaining control over the advertisers, so the advertising companies need to change their strategies. Now regarding the present issue of Assam, it has been stated that due to social network and ads, the information passes very easily to everybody from which they take advantage to misuse it. This may be an disadvantage of social advertising. Social Advertising helps through its network by connecting the people in India. From the study we wanted to conclude that nearly 20% of demerits is there in social advertising and 80% benefit we people attain from it. Hence, In India it has a greater positive impact on â€Å"Social Advertising† REFERENCES: Ciochetto, L (November 2009); Advertising in contemporary India’s rapidly changing media environment ;Media International Australia; Issue 133, Pages 120-129; College of Creative Arts Massey University, New Zealand. Srivastava, Vibhava ; Nandan, Tanuj (Jan-Mar 2010): 61-69; A Study of Perceptions in Society Regarding Unethical Practices in Advertising; South Asian Journal of Management 17.1. Srivastava, Rajesh Kumar; (2010); Effectiveness of global advertisement on culture of India: an emerging market; International Journal of Emerging Markets 5.1; 102-113. Stelios C. Zyglidopoulos; Craig E. Carroll; Andreas Georgiadis( October 24, 2010); Does Media attention drive corporate social responsibility; University of Cambridge – Judge Business School; University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill; London School of Economics & Political Science (LSE). Anita Pansari( February 19, 2011 ); A Comparative Analysis of the Roles Portrayed by Women in Indian Television Advertiseme nt; 1980-2009; Icfai Business School. Eric A. Feldman ; Ronald Bayer (Dec 2011); The Triumph and Tragedy of Tobacco Control: A Tale of Nine Nations; Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Vol. 7, pp. 79-100, 2011. Agarwal.A ;(July 1995); Psychology and developing societies; Mass media and health promotion in Indian villages; Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 217-236. Vaidya, S.G., Vaidya, J.S., Naik, U.D;(Sep 1999); Sports sponsorship by cigarette companies influences the adolescent children’s mind and helps initiate smoking: results of a national study in India. National Organisation for Tobacco Eradication (NOTE), India; Journal of the Indian Medical Association; Volume 97, Issue 9, Pages 354-356, 359. Goenka, S.a, Prabhakaran, D.a, Ajay, V.S.a, Reddy, K.S.b (Aug 2009); Preventing cardiovascular disease in India-translating evidence to action; a) Initiative for Cardiovascular, Health Research in the Developing Countries, New Delhi 110 016, India.b) Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 110 016, India; Volume 97, Issue 3, Pages 367-377.

Fences †Tragic Hero Essay

In August Wilson’s play â€Å"Fences†, he presents a misguided yet accomplished character. The play’s protagonist Troy, creates conflict with every character because of his judgmental nature and contrived haughty perception of himself. Through numerous stories that he re-cants Troy embellishes his experiences to cast himself in a righteous light. Contrary, to the stories he tells, his behavior expose Troy as a foolish man that does irrational things. One moment he is lecturing his family members on how they ought to live their lives and the next he’s off frolicking like a child with no cares or responsibilities. Aside, from his hypocrisies Troy managed to become a talented professional baseball player. As a member of the Negro Baseball League (NBL), Troy was a pioneer and hero of his time. The men associated with the NBL endured the ignorance and hostility of many to advance the footprint of black Americans in professional avenues. Sadly, Troy’s tim e in a groundbreaking career and stable, loving household are overshadowed by the demons he tries to ignore. He struggles to accept the harsh realities of his life and the decisions that he’s made, leaving him to live within the confines of bitterness and denial. It is evident that life has made Troy a bitter man. He was once a talented young baseball player at the height of his career. However, when Major League Baseball began to integrate Troy was too old to become a member. That reality weighed resentfully with him, and influenced many of his relationships, in particular with his son, Cory. His son plays football and aspires to professionally some day. He has the opportunity to go to college on a football scholarship, but Troy won’t allow it and refuses to sign the papers to permit Cory to do so. Troy scoffs that â€Å"ain’t no need for nobody coming around here to talk to me about signing nothing†¦ The white man ain’t gonna let you get nowhere with that football no way† (Wilson 35). Troy’s comments are a direct reflection of his own shattered dreams. Holding Cory back from living to the full potential of his dream illustrates Troy’s pessimism and envy. He stands in an ideal position to encourage and mentor his son, but sadly, he doesn’t have the fortitude to do so. Troy’s wife Rose is another character who comes into conflict with Troy because of his bitterness and irrational decisions. Rose  is a faithful, compassionate and realistic wife. While she loves her family, she recognizes that there is a disconnect. So she asks Troy, with the help of his sons, one of whom she did not bear to build a fence in their back yard. She hopes that the time will be well spent together and the fence will stand as a symbol of the their unity. However, Troy seeks sanctuary through external means, being alcohol and another woman. Against the cautioning of his friend Bono, â€Å"she loves you Troy, Rose loves you† (Wilson 36), Troy maintains a relationship with a woman named Alberta. Alberta goes on to become pregnant by Troy, and sadly, dies in childbirth. With such discord within her marriage, somehow Rose manages to find the compassion to raise Troy’s illigetimate child. Although Troy had the opportunity to emotionally support his caring wife, and build a fence with his sons, he could not escape his own need for external validation correlating back to his time as a professional athlete. Troy is a tragic-hero who is unable to enjoy the fruit that his life bore him. He failed to provide the love and support that would mean the most to his loved ones. He was unable to relish in his time spent playing for the NBL, and encourage his son to follow his dream because Troy’s dream ended prematurely. Troy is also unable to appreciate the love of his wife because of the external adoration heâ€⠄¢d grown to know and desire from others. When his professional career ended he became bitter and began a cycle of irrational decisions because of his depressed outlook. Work Cited Wilson, August Fences Literature : an introduction to fiction , poetry, drama and writing. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Diana Gioia, 12th ed. New York: Pearson, 2013 1153-63

Women in American Society

Women in American Society Origin of American feminism The abolitionism ideology, that all human beings have the moral authority of control over their bodies roots the origin of the feminism in America in 1830s. â€Å"Abolitionism was a movement formed to ensure the bringing of slavery to a dead end† (Linder 5).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Women in American Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the movement, women participated and enormously played pragmatic roles. Consequently, women realized their potentiality to free themselves from gender focused discrimination. As matter of urgency, the birth of women movements took place. One of the feminist campaigners, Abbie Kelley who lived in 1810 to 1887, noted that, â€Å"we have good cause to be grateful to the slave, for the benefit we have received to ourselves, in working for him. In striving to strike his irons off, we found most surely that we were manacled ourselvesâ₠¬  (Ellen, Lynn 25). Some of the women during the 1830s movement discovered the religious inspirations that denied them equal public activity rights but rather conferred impeccable similar rights to their male counterparts, had only the effects of serving as subtle breeding grounds for gender prejudices. The religious principles seemed pegged on natural rights shrouded with individualistic ideologies so designed to confer benefit to the males only. Through the feminists movements fights to bring to an end gender based discriminations, â€Å"Angelina Grimke (1805-1879), Sarah Grimke (1792-1873), and Abbie Kelley became the first women in America to do lecture tours before audiences that included men† (Ellen, and Lynn 59). However, they received a lot of caution not to incorporate women rights into their speeches. In 1838 Angelina Grimke, got an opportunity to speak before a legislative body of America, where she criticized the conditions under which their rights seemed deemed to hold: subject to dominance of men’s rights first. Grimke sisters set out the ways that enabled the feminists who followed them to thrive by dismantling social taboos that facilitated growth of prejudice against women. The central concern of feminism is that women stand out as oppressed or alternatively placed at a lesser advantage compared to men.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other pillar that anchors concerns of women stipulates them as being treated in unjustified manner that makes the oppression and discrimination illegitimate. Late 19th century during the time Grimke sisters and other feminists who actively participated in the initial fights for women rights, 2nd world war period, post 2nd world war period from early 1950s to the late 1980s, and early 1990s period formed epochal moments in the history of women rights. During these periods, rights of women have evolved from one stage to another and finally into the status where rules of nature are perceived to endow both men and women with equal rights. Three waves conceptual frame work of feminism The first wave: 19th to 20th century, addresses women and girls educational rights, conditions under which women work and voting rights issues. Predominantly, the wave sort to address issues such extinction of slavery and disproportionate moderation. Groups objected to averse rapid change: made of Christian groups that included â€Å"Francis Willard and the women temperance Christian union, and others resembling the diversity and radicalism of much of the second wave† (Kerber 59), constituted the major groups that were the champions of the first wave. The wave ended when women were constitutionally conferred voting rights upon the amendment of the US constitution in 1919. Inequality of Laws, societal roles and differences in culture between women and men got their attention in the s econd wave, which existed in 1960s to 1980s. Second wavers hassled to bring to an end the gender-based discrimination as opposed to their predecessors who were much concerned with absolute rights (Sargent Para. 3). The third wave: born in early 1990s, though intertwined with the second wave concepts, reflect replication of the second wave agendas alongside feedback from prior waves’ failures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Women in American Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Essentially, the third wave seeks clarity on terms that dominate feminism debates to realize equality in applicability to all women irrespective of class or races. The wave constitutes the making of encounters of micro politically instigated debates emanating from the differences in application of definitions of femininity terms. Some feminists think that in determining the things considered as good for women generally did not inco rporate factors such as social classes and race into the function. The arguments points at attributing general definition of things right for women being applicable to the experiences of women belonging to the higher class or white women. Roles of war, labor and economy Civil war gave feminism movements in US a major boost. The position of the women in the society changed drastically and permitted them to participate in paid for work in addition to their house chores. Need to set up ammunition industries rose. Given the labor requirements in the industries, the norms that allowed men only to work in the factories had to face a change. In an attempt to end slavery, women devoted themselves to support the civil war with a consequence of amicable benefit in reduction of legal discrimination of women. In 1800, legal incapacitation of women dwindled. Better recognition of women’s capacity to manage and control property got a dossier in 1809 upon their receiving of their ability to make legally binding relationships: the ability to make a will. In 1940s, Second World War saw some 300,000 American women serving the military in full military uniform. War had adverse effects on the economy. Therefore, the phrase â€Å"no tax without representation† (Kerber 29) had to be paraphrased to permit the government to collect taxes from women. Feminist’s movements, as a result, took advantage of the economic situation to portray their concerns eloquently. Race and Class When the civil war came to a halt, feminists seemed torn into two parts, instead of focusing on claiming for more women rights in general, their debates across all states adopted initiatives to seek statutory rights for the blacks.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The struggle saw the US population voting rights not discriminated on the bases of â€Å"race, color, or previous condition of servitude† (Ellen, and Lynn 69). Some critics regarded the rights for the blacks so attained, as harsh and framed in a manner discordant with the rights of the women. Injustices in conferring rights to blacks only affect women in particular upon denying the rights only to black women. Class resulted to some women believing that men cheated on when perceived to enjoy some rights while in actual sense they do not. They therefore believe that some rights are a preserve of women belonging to some privileged class of women. The Point of Disagreement The unity of women’s fight for better-balanced habitat characterized by equality between men and women, received a major drawback when Individualism started stemming in. Ellen and Lynn note that â€Å"while the mainstream feminism concentrated on suffrage, more radical feminists looked elsewhere for pro gress† (105). The disintegrated views amongst feminists prompted varying responses to the various groups. Generally, feminists do not strike a common understanding on the constituents of sexism and the precise strategies required in dealing with it. The question of what being a man or a woman means, the political and social repercussions and economics effects of gender prejudices attracts conflicting answers from different feminists. Ellen, Dubois, and Lynn, Dumenil. Through Women’s Eyes: An American History With  Documents. New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2008. Kerber, Linder. Women’s America: Refocusing the Past. New York, Oxford: Oxford  University Press, 2004. Sargent, Judith. History of Feminism, 2010. Web.  womenshistory.about.com//feminism/Famous_Feminists_and_the_History_of_Feminism.htm

Using the Spanish Verb Dejar

Using the Spanish Verb Dejar Like many other verbs, dejar has a basic meaning - in this case, to leave something somewhere - that has broadened over the centuries to be used under a wide variety of circumstances. Most of its meanings, however, pertain at least in a broad sense to the idea of leaving something (or someone) somewhere, placing something somewhere, or abandoning something. Dejar Meaning To Leave While to leave is one of the most common translations of dejar, it should not be confused with to leave in the sense of to leave a place, where salir is used. Thus, shes leaving tomorrow is sale maà ±ana, but I left my keys at home is dejà © las llaves en casa. Examples of dejar with its basic meaning: Dà ©jalo aquà ­. (Leave it here.) ¿Dà ³nde dejà © el coche aparcado? (Where did I park the car?)Dejarà © el libro en la mesa. (I will leave the book on the table.)Dejà © a Pablo en Chicago. (I dropped Pablo off in Chicago.) When the object of dejar is an activity or person, dejar can mean to leave, abandon or give up: Deja su carrera para irse a la polà ­tica. (He is leaving his career to go into politics.)Han fallado en sus tentativas de dejar el fumar. (They have failed in their attempts to quit smoking.)Dejà ³ a su esposa por la mujer que deseaba. (He abandoned his wife for the woman he wanted.) Dejar Meaning To Lend When an object is left with a person, dejar often means to lend. (The verb prestar can also be used with the same meaning.): Como era un buen jefe me dejaba su coche. (Since he was a good boss he would lend me his car.)Me dejà ³ su casa de vacaciones. (He let me use his vacation home.) ¿Me dejas tu telà ©fono?  (Could I borrow your phone?) Dejar Meaning To Pass On In many contexts, dejar can mean to give or to pass on: Mi madre me dejà ³ su capacidad de esperanza. (My mother passed on to me her capacity to hope.)Me dejà ³ su direccià ³n postal para escribirle. (He gave me his mailing address so I could write to him.)Cuando murià ³ me dejà ³ su panaderà ­a en su testamento. (When he died he left me his bakery in his will.)Siempre mi pap le dejaba la tarea mas difà ­cil a mi mama. (My father always passed the most difficult tasks to my mother.) Dejar Meaning To Leave Alone Sometimes, when the object of dejar is a person, it can mean to leave alone or to not bother:  ¡Dà ©jame! Tengo que estudiar. (Leave me alone! I have to study.)No nos dejaba en paz. (He did not leave us in peace.) Dejar Meaning To Allow Another common meaning of dejar is to allow or to let: No me dejaban comprar nada que no fuese reciclable. (They didnt let me buy anything that wasnt recyclable.)El faraà ³n se asustà ³ y dejà ³ salir al pueblo de Israel. (The pharaoh got scared and let the people of Israel go.) Using Dejar With an Adjective When followed by an adjective, dejar can mean to put or leave someone or something in a certain state or condition: La ley no dejà ³ satisfecho a nadie. (The law didnt satisfy anybody.)Me dejà ³ feliz, como ver un oasis. (It made me happy, like seeing an oasis.)El partido me dejà ³ rota la rodilla. (My knee got broken during the game.) Dejar Meaning To Delay or To Stop Sometimes, dejar means to postpone or delay:  ¿Por quà © no deja el viaje para maà ±ana? (Why not put off your trip until tomorrow?) The phrase dejar de usually means to stop or to give up: Hoy dejo de fumar. (Today I give up smoking.)La hepatitis A dejà ³ de ser una cosa de nià ±os. (Hepatitis A is no longer a childrens disease.)Nunca dejarà © de amarte. (Ill never stop loving you.) Using Dejar With Que Finally, dejar que usually means to wait until a certain time: Dejo que las cosas se sucedan naturalmente. (Im waiting until things happen naturally.)La madre no dejaba que los socorristas atendieran a su hija. (The mother didnt wait for the rescuers to help her daughter.)

Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Article - Assignment Example Many such examples are widely known today. The three times hybridization of the prairie sunflower with the common sunflower that results in the generation of three different types of sunflowers, namely the puzzle sunflower, the desert sunflower, and the sand sunflower is one good example. (Carroll, 2010). In this case, it has been possible to make the hybrids survive in extreme weather conditions that the parent sunflowers did not have an ability to. It has been discovered through research that the sand sunflower and the puzzle sunflower can grow in dune and salty habitat respectively while the parent sunflowers can not. It is not only about survival, the hybrids can actually germinate and grow in areas which were harsh towards their parents in terms of extremity of habitat conditions. Thus, one potential advantage of hybridization is that it can be chosen as a means to ensure the sustainability of various plant and animal species. Manual hybridization of animal and plant species can cause the parent species to develop hybrids with various genetic disorders that include but are not limited to the increased susceptibility of the hybrid to acquiring diseases, impotency and shortened life periods. This causes such hybrids as mules (hybrids of horse and donkey) and zorses (hybrids of horses and zebras) to become extinct as they are not equipped with the tendency to prolong their generation. Besides, it is also not justifiable from an ethical point of view in that such animals and plants suffer from infertility, and there is little awareness of the medication that suits them when they require a treatment for their frequently acquired diseases. Hybridization of animals can cause many more challenges for the future generations as compared to the hybridization of plants particularly because disorders with the former are more obvious and